What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate the effectiveness of the ASEAN Regional Forum in addressing security issues in the South China Sea.

April 3, 2026Open Access

The ASEAN Regional Forum and the South China Sea

Key Points

To evaluate the effectiveness of the ASEAN Regional Forum in addressing security issues in the South China Sea.
Analyzed the history and operation of the ASEAN Regional Forum since its establishment in 1994.
Examined ASEAN's norms, including consensus, inclusivity, and non-interference.
Explored the contributions of major powers in the ARF's processes.
Emphasized the importance of strengthening ASEAN's leadership in regional security.
Identified the role of maritime security in enhancing ARF's effectiveness.
Highlighted the need for increased dialogue and engagement among member states.

Abstract

Since its establishment in 1994, the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) has promoted dialogue and cooperation in the Asia-Pacific, including on issues in the South China Sea. ASEAN norms of consensus, inclusivity and non-interference are well reflected in the ARF’s operation through process of norm diffusion and engagement with major powers. Strengthening ASEAN leadership, maritime security focus, dialogue and interactivity within the ARF could enhance its effectiveness in regional security cooperation.

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