Does cigarette smoking increase the risk of stroke and its subtypes in middle-aged Japanese men and women?
Cigarette smoking is associated with an increased risk of total stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage in both sexes, and ischemic stroke in men among middle-aged Japanese individuals.
Smoking raises risks of total stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage for both men and women and risk of ischemic stroke, either lacunar or large-artery occlusive infarction, for men.
Mannami et al. (Tue,) studied this question.