Redo atrial fibrillation ablation achieved a 67% long-term success rate, with no significant difference in outcomes between patients with and without pulmonary vein reconnection (p=0.997).
Cohort (n=389)
Does the presence of PV reconnection or the use of different ablation strategies impact long-term AF recurrence in patients undergoing redo AF ablation?
Pulmonary vein reconnections are common after initial successful isolation, but long-term rhythm control is achievable in two-thirds of redo patients regardless of PV reconnection status or the specific extra-PV ablation strategy used.
Absolute Event Rate: 67% vs 67%
p-value: p=0.997
Background: Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is an effective treatment option for patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the electrical recovery of pulmonary veins (PVs) is the main trigger for AF recurrences. This study investigates the characteristics of patients admitted for redo AF ablation, the PV reconnection rates depending on previous ablation modalities and the impact of different ablation strategies for redo procedures. Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing first redo AF ablation were included. Patients were grouped according to the electrical recovery of at least one PV. The impacts of the technique for first AF ablation on PV reconnection rates and patients with and without PV reconnection were compared. Different ablation strategies for redo procedures were compared and its recurrence rates after a mean follow-up of 25 ± 20 months were investigated. Results: A total of 389 patients (68 ± 10 years; 57% male; 39% paroxysmal AF) underwent a first redo. The median time between the first and redo procedure was 40 ± 39 months. Radiofrequency was used in 278 patients, cryoballoon was used in 85 patients and surgical AF ablation was performed on 26 patients. In total, 325 patients (84%) had at least one PV reconnected, and the mean number of reconnected PVs was 2.0 ± 1.3, with significant differences between ablation approaches (p for all = 0.002); this was mainly due to differences in the left inferior PV and right superior PV reconnections. The presence of PV reconnection during redo was not associated with better long-term success compared to completely isolated PVs (67% vs. 67%; log-rank p = 0.997). Overall, the different ablation strategies for redos were comparable regarding AF recurrences during follow-up (p = 0.079), with the ablation approach having no impact in the case of left atrial low voltage or without. Conclusions: PV reconnections after initial successful PVI are common among all techniques of AF ablation. Long-term rhythm control off antiarrhythmic drugs was possible in 2/3 of all patients after the redo procedure; however, different ablation strategies with extra-PV trigger ablation did not improve long-term success. Patients with recurrent AF after PVI constitute a challenging group of patients.
Müller et al. (Sun,) conducted a cohort in Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation (n=389). Redo AF ablation vs. Completely isolated pulmonary veins (no reconnection) was evaluated on Long-term success (freedom from AF recurrence) (p=0.997). Redo atrial fibrillation ablation achieved a 67% long-term success rate, with no significant difference in outcomes between patients with and without pulmonary vein reconnection (p=0.997).
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