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Cardio-oncology — Research & Evidence | Synapse

Topics/Cardio-oncology

Cardio-oncology — illustrative scientific rendering

Cardiology

Cardio-oncology

Cardiovascular effects of cancer therapy

Emerging pathwayAlso known as: onco-cardiology, cancer cardiotoxicity, chemotherapy heart

979

Clinical questions

201

Evidence-backed

100

Claims analyzed

5

Followers

Evidence insights Consensus Clinical questions New research Evidence brief

What the evidence says about Cardio-oncology

Synthesized from 201 evidence-backed clinical questions linked to this topic — 34 supporting the intervention, 53 against the intervention, 7 still contested.

Where the evidence lands

201 questions

The placed evidence leans toward harm

34

Favor benefit

17% of all

53

Favor harm

26% of all

Benefit7 contestedHarm

107 more (53%) still untested — not placed on the axis.

Weak For3417%
Equivocal73%
Weak Against5326%
Insufficient10753%

Strength of that evidence

201 questions

Insufficient certainty on 57% of questions

Low8743%
Insufficient11457%

Does aspirin vs placebo improve outcomes in Malignant Neoplasms?

Low Certainty+ Favors benefit

aspirin vs placebo · All-Cause Mortality

10 studies (3,518,238 patients) provide low-certainty evidence for benefit of aspirin for All-Cause Mortality in Malignant Neoplasms.

Weak evidence for10 studies · 3,518,238 patients↑ Strengthening

Does history of cancer vs placebo improve outcomes in Malignant Neoplasms?

Low Certainty− Favors harm

history of cancer vs placebo

2 studies (3,420,385 patients) provide low-certainty evidence against benefit of history of cancer for the outcome in Malignant Neoplasms.

Actively debated

Does doxorubicin vs placebo improve outcomes in Cardiotoxicity?

Insufficient~ Mixed results

doxorubicin vs placebo · Cardiac Index

73 studies (500,645 patients) provide insufficient evidence with mixed findings regarding doxorubicin for Cardiac Index in Cardiotoxicity.

Equivocal73 studies · 500,645 patients

Does doxorubicin vs placebo improve outcomes in Cardiomyopathies?

Low Certainty− Favors harm

doxorubicin vs placebo

10 studies (40 patients) provide low-certainty evidence against benefit of doxorubicin for the outcome in Cardiomyopathies.

What does the research say about Cardio-oncology?

Emerging pathwayBased on 100 analyzed claims

Emerging evidence with 100 primary claims

Clinical questions in Cardio-oncology

Specific, answerable questions in this area — each with its own synthesized evidence and consensus. Open one to see the forest plot, source trials, and how the consensus has changed over time.

Does immune checkpoint inhibitors vs placebo improve outcomes in cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity?

Low Certainty+ Favors benefit

immune checkpoint inhibitors vs placebo · Cardiac Index

25 studies · 460,637 patients· 57 estimates

Does anticoagulants vs placebo improve outcomes in Malignant Neoplasms?

Low Certainty+ Favors benefit

anticoagulants vs placebo · Myocardial Infarction Hospitalization

New research on Cardio-oncology

Preoperative Exercise Echocardiography and Perioperative Cardiovascular Outcomes in Elderly Patients Undergoing Cancer Surgery

The American Journal of Geriatric Cardiology — Shoyeb A — Nov 2006

Cardiac adverse events of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors in cancer protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Medicine — Han D — Jan 2020

Everolimus as cancer therapy: Cardiotoxic or an unexpected antiatherogenic agent? A narrative review

Hellenic Journal of Cardiology — Karvelas G — Mar 2018

Targeting the Angiopoietin/Tie2 Pathway: Cutting Tumor Vessels With a Double-Edged Sword?

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Cascone T — Dec 2011

Cardiovascular drugs and cancer: of competing risk, smallpox, Bernoulli, and d'Alembert

Stay current on Cardio-oncology

Follow this topic to get a weekly “what changed” evidence digest and alerts when journal clubs schedule sessions on it.

Evidence brief: Cardio-oncology

Cardio-oncology (also known as onco-cardiology, cancer cardiotoxicity, chemotherapy heart). Cardiovascular effects of cancer therapy

Synapse tracks 6 specific clinical questions in Cardio-oncology, each synthesized independently from its own trial evidence. They include: "Does immune checkpoint inhibitors vs placebo improve outcomes in cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity?"; "Does anticoagulants vs placebo improve outcomes in Malignant Neoplasms?"; "Does sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors vs immune checkpoint inhibitors improve All-Cause Mortality in Malignant Neoplasms?"; "Does carvedilol vs doxorubicin improve Cardiac Index in Malignant neoplasm of breast?"; "Does candesartan vs doxorubicin improve Cardiac Index in Malignant neoplasm of breast?".

As of 2026-09-08, the scientific consensus on Cardio-oncology is emerging. Emerging evidence with 100 primary claims Based on 100 analyzed claims across Synapse's enriched corpus, the evidence shows.

This evidence brief synthesizes Synapse's enriched cardiology corpus; cite as synapsesocial.com/topics/cardio-oncology.

Deterministic synthesis from Synapse's enriched corpus — 131 words. No AI-generated novel content; every figure is sourced from the underlying paper, guideline, or trial record linked on this page.

Follow the latest Cardio-oncology research

Explore every Cardio-oncology paper on Synapse with AI-enriched clinical evidence, PICO analysis, and methodology classification.

Search Cardio-oncology papers

Powered by Synapse — AI-enriched analysis of 600,000+ peer-reviewed papers

Where it’s published

Journal of Clinical Oncology4
ACS Chemical Biology1
American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book1
BMC Cancer1
BMJ Case Reports1

Across this topic’s most recent indexed papers.

Weak evidence against

2 studies · 3,420,385 patients

Does sglt2 inhibitors vs placebo improve outcomes in Malignant Neoplasms?

Low Certainty+ Favors benefit

sglt2 inhibitors vs placebo

5 studies (2,804,050 patients) provide low-certainty evidence for benefit of sglt2 inhibitors for the outcome in Malignant Neoplasms.

Weak evidence for5 studies · 2,804,050 patients

Does immune checkpoint inhibitors vs placebo improve outcomes in Malignant Neoplasms?

Low Certainty− Favors harm

immune checkpoint inhibitors vs placebo

31 studies (526,448 patients) provide low-certainty evidence against benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the outcome in Malignant Neoplasms.

Weak evidence against31 studies · 526,448 patients

Does apixaban vs placebo improve outcomes in Venous Thromboembolism?

Low Certainty+ Favors benefit

apixaban vs placebo

13 studies (521,153 patients) provide low-certainty evidence for benefit of apixaban for the outcome in Venous Thromboembolism.

Weak evidence for13 studies · 521,153 patients

Does immune checkpoint inhibitors vs placebo improve outcomes in cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity?

Low Certainty+ Favors benefit

immune checkpoint inhibitors vs placebo · Cardiac Index

25 studies (460,637 patients) provide low-certainty evidence for benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors for Cardiac Index in cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity.

Weak evidence for25 studies · 460,637 patients

Weak evidence against

10 studies · 40 patients

↻ Reversal

Does immune checkpoint inhibitors vs pd-1 inhibitors improve outcomes in Malignant Neoplasms?

Insufficient~ Mixed results

immune checkpoint inhibitors vs pd-1 inhibitors

8 studies (1,000 patients) provide insufficient evidence with mixed findings regarding immune checkpoint inhibitors for the outcome in Malignant Neoplasms.

Equivocal8 studies · 1,000 patients

Does chemotherapy vs placebo improve Cardiac Output in Osteosarcoma?

Insufficient~ Mixed results

chemotherapy vs placebo · Cardiac Output

3 studies (222 patients) provide insufficient evidence with mixed findings regarding chemotherapy for Cardiac Output in Osteosarcoma.

Equivocal3 studies · 222 patients

4 studies · 630 patients

· 33 estimates

Does sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors vs immune checkpoint inhibitors improve All-Cause Mortality in Malignant Neoplasms?

Low Certainty+ Favors benefit

sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors vs immune checkpoint inhibitors · All-Cause Mortality

2 studies · 217 patients· 2 estimates

Does carvedilol vs doxorubicin improve Cardiac Index in Malignant neoplasm of breast?

Low Certainty− Favors harm

carvedilol vs doxorubicin · Cardiac Index

6 studies · 420 patients· 6 estimates

Does candesartan vs doxorubicin improve Cardiac Index in Malignant neoplasm of breast?

Low Certainty− Favors harm

candesartan vs doxorubicin · Cardiac Index

2 studies · 125 patients· 2 estimates

Does dalteparin vs coumarin improve outcomes in Malignant Neoplasms?

Low Certainty− Favors harm

dalteparin vs coumarin · Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

2 studies· 2 estimates

European Heart Journal — Messerli F — Jul 2012

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy as Epiphenomenon of Cardiotoxicity in Patients With Cancer: A Meta-summary of Case Reports

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology — Carbone A — May 2021

Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin: Pharmacologic and clinical evidence of potent antitumor activity with reduced anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (Review)

Oncology Reports — Orditura M — Sep 2004

Thrombosis and Cancer: Emerging Data for the Practicing Oncologist

American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book — Lyman G — Jan 2013

Exercise Effects on HRV in Cancer Patients

International Journal of Sports Medicine — Niederer D — Aug 2012

Corrected QT interval prolongation in anthracycline-treated survivors of childhood cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Schwartz C — Oct 1993

Heart of the matter: reverse takotsubo syndrome in an anthracycline-exposed oncology patient

BMJ Case Reports — Voit J — Oct 2018

Analysis of Cardiotoxicity and Risk Factors of Breast Cancer Chemotherapy Drugs: A Five-Year Single-Centre Retrospective Study in Early Breast Cancer

Drug Design Development and Therapy — Ju F — Jul 2025

Leading authors

Mark Gerstein
Yale University
h-index 190 · 249k citations
Todd R. Golub
Broad Institute
h-index 179 · 282k citations
DB
David Botstein
San Francisco VA Medical Center
h-index 167 · 221k citations
John N. Weinstein
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
h-index 165 · 214k citations
Robert Tibshirani
Stanford University
h-index 164 · 395k citations
CC
Carlos Caldas
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
h-index 160 · 129k citations

Most-cited researchers publishing on Cardio-oncology.