Beyond the Binary? A Multi‐Method Approach to Sexing Children at the Viking Age Site of Ihre, Gotland

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This study assesses sex using genetic and morphological methods in Viking Age burials, highlighting gender's role in identity.

The multi‐method approach improved sex estimation accuracy in children, combining genetic and morphological data.
Mandibular odontometric analysis outperformed traditional traits for consistent sex determination.
Burial items reflected gender expression, with females showing more dress items and males more tools as they aged.
Findings reveal a complex interplay of sex, gender, and identity in Viking Age mortuary practices.

Ivarsson‐Aalders et al. (2025) studied this question.

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