Utilization and Upcycling of Palm Oil Fuel Ash for Use as Eco-Friendly Partial Cement Replacement in Kernelrazzo Concrete

The aim of this research report is to provide the results of a study on the utilization and upcycling of using palm oil fuel ash as an environmentally friendly partial replacement for cement in kernelrazzo concrete created by combining cement, quarry dust, and palm kernel shell in place of some marble chips, according to the Department of Environment's (DoE) design technique. This study project's only option for reducing the self-weight or dead load of the kernelrazzo concrete and lowering construction costs is to employ palm oil fuel ash, which is easily accessible as a partial cement alternative. In this investigation, the coarse aggregates were palm kernel shell and marble chips, and the fine aggregates were quarry dust. Six different concrete mixtures were generated for 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% of the binder weight of POFA was employed to partially replace cement. The research work's contribution to knowledge by raising awareness of the potential applications of agro-waste materials, preventing epidemics and other related diseases that could be caused by waste palm kernel shells, providing a source of income, and lowering the potential financial losses that could arise from early failure of kernelrazzo concrete. The results of the workability test indicated that the workability of fresh kernelrazzo concrete decreased as POFA addition to the kernelrazzo concrete increased. With this findings, it is advised to utilize palm oil fuel as in place as partial cement alternative for kernelrazzo concrete and for creating lightweight concrete with the use of 10% POFA, 90% Cement, 20% PKS and 80% marble chippings. The substitution of POFA for OPC has numerous economic advantages while also assisting in the reduction of environmental pollution.