Evaluating Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as Partial Cement Replacement in Compressed Earth Bricks for Sustainable Housing

This study investigates the use of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) as a partial replacement for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) in stabilizing lateritic soil for Compressed Earth Bricks (CEB) production. Materials used were locally sourced materials and they include OPC, laterite, and SCBA. SCBA was obtained by controlled combustion of sugarcane residue and was characterized through particle size analysis and X-ray fluorescence to confirm its pozzolanic properties. The laterite was tested for suitability using sedimentation, specific gravity, Atterberg limits, bulk density, and sieve analysis. Bricks were produced with 2%, 6%, and 8% stabilization levels using cement-only and cement + SCBA blends. Standard tests, including compressive strength and water absorption, were conducted at 7, 14, and 28 days of curing. Results show that compressive strength increased with both curing time and stabilizer content. At 28 days, bricks stabilized with 8% cement + SCBA achieved 4.11 N/mm² compared to 4.64 N/mm² for cement-only bricks, indicating that SCBA contributed significantly to strength development over time. SCBA enhanced bricks consistently demonstrated lower water absorption values, enhancing durability and suitability for entire building use. This study confirms that SCBA is a viable pozzolanic material for partial cement replacement in CEBs. The optimal replacement level was identified as 6%, balancing performance and cost. The research contributes to sustainable construction by promoting the reuse of agricultural waste, reducing dependence on OPC, and providing a cost-effective housing solution. It underscores the value of integrating waste valorization into construction practices, especially in developing contexts where material affordability and environmental impact are critical considerations