Psychological and pedagogical diagnostics of visual impairments in younger schoolchildren as a prevention of learning difficulties in secondary schools

The article discusses the issues of psychological and pedagogical diagnostics of impaired visual functions and visual perception in younger schoolchildren as one of the important aspects of preventing learning difficulties in secondary schools. This work focuses on the importance of early detection of functional visual impairments, which may not always be timely diagnosed by ophthalmologists. The study is based on the analysis of a survey among primary school teachers of secondary schools in Moscow on the peculiarities of visual behavior of students in grades 1-4. The work highlights the importance of conducting psychological and pedagogical screening diagnoses to identify children with learning difficulties related to visual impairments. The article describes some techniques that allow teachers of secondary schools to conduct psychological and pedagogical diagnostics of the features of visual perception and to study the state of visual functions in children of primary school age. The use of specialized diagnostic techniques allows teachers to identify the causes of school failure in time and create a comfortable educational environment.