International Student Migration and Community Evolution in the Context of Transnational Mobility

International student migration has intensified during the past two decades, yet its community repercussions remain under-measured. This study assembles a balanced quarterly panel of 960 observations drawn from twelve host cities spanning AsiaPacific, North America, and Europe (2005 Q1 2025 Q4) and links these data to six major sending regions, 186 347 individual visa trajectories, 7 024 284 higher-education enrolment records, 2 619 870 social-security payment events, and 9 311 municipal business-licence filings. Dynamic network analysis shows mean degree centrality within student clusters rising from 9.3 to 31.7 per thousand nodes, while betweenness centrality for student-run associations climbed from 0.041 to 0.128. A composite Community Vitality Index (CVI, 010) improved from 5.94 to 7.31, and the density of multicultural service establishments expanded from 4.1 to 11.6 per 10 000 residents. System-GMM estimators demonstrate that a one-SD increase in student-cluster centrality predicts a 0.112-point CVI gain (95 % CI 0.0460.178), with 24.7 % of that effect mediated by labour-market diversity. Robustness checks using bias-corrected LSDV and Jackknife-IV specifications confirm coefficient stability. Qualitative triangulation based on 120 semi-structured interviews and 240 h of participant observation corroborates the statistical patterns and elucidates causal mechanisms linking student entrepreneurship ecosystems to neighbourhood revitalisation. Policy simulations indicate that extending post-study work visas by two years would raise CVI projections by 0.37 points over a five-year horizon.