Research on the Principle of Ocean Acidification and its Impact on Marine Organisms

This paper investigates the mechanisms of ocean acidification and its effects on marine biota. Ocean acidification is where seawater absorbs too much carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, increasing acidity, measured by pH value. Its causes include human activities (fossil fuel burning, deforestation), climate activities (ocean warming, sea ice melting), and natural phenomena (volcanic eruptions, etc.). Historical PETM events and the end Permian mass extinction event indicate ocean acidification significantly impacts biodiversity. Ocean acidification may induce behavioral and physiological alterations in non-calcifying marine organisms, including modifications to the swimming patterns of clownfish and the foraging behaviors of planktonic fauna. For calcified microorganisms, it can hinder coral bone formation and shellfish shell formation, reducing juvenile survival rates. Overall, ocean acidification disrupts the marine food web, reduces biodiversity, damages ecosystem stability and adaptability, and requires in-depth exploration of its mechanisms and the development of response strategies.