Recent Advances on Use of Graphene, Metal Oxides and Metal Organic Framework as Electrode Materials for High-Performance Supercapacitors: A Review

The increasing strain on finite fossil fuel reserves, coupled with the inherent limitations of renewable energy conversion technologies, has intensified the search for efficient energy storage solutions. Supercapacitors, renowned for their high-power density, extended cycle life, and rapid charge-discharge capabilities, are pivotal components of modern energy storage systems. This review synthesizes findings from previous studies that investigated the electrochemical performance of graphene, metal oxides, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as electrode materials for supercapacitors. The analysis focuses on key performance indicators, including specific surface area, capacitance, energy density, power density, and cyclic voltammetry. Comparative analysis of the literature indicates that graphene consistently demonstrates superior performance, followed by MOFs, highlighting their potential for advancing high-performance supercapacitor technology. Further study into the optimization of these materials is necessary.