A Systematic Review of Image Quality and Dose Delivered by Cone Beam CT and Fan Beam CT: A Comparative Analysis

Introduction: Advances in medical imaging have led to the widespread use of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Fan Beam Computed Tomography (FBCT) for three-dimensional anatomical imaging with reduced radiation exposure. Understanding the balance between image quality and radiation dose is critical for optimizing clinical outcomes and patient safety. Methods: This systematic review follows PRISMA guidelines to compare image quality and radiation dose between CBCT and FBCT. A systematic search identified 20 relevant studies, which were analyzed for study characteristics, imaging parameters, and key findings. Results: CBCT consistently offered superior imaging with lower radiation doses compared to FBCT. However, FBCT showed advantages in noise reduction, particularly in complex body regions. Most studies were of moderate to high quality, but protocol variability was noted. Conclusion: CBCT provides superior imaging with lower radiation doses than FBCT, while FBCT excels in noise reduction. Optimizing protocols and considering clinical requirements are crucial for selecting the appropriate modality. Future research should address protocol standardization and broader clinical aspects for enhanced utilization.