July 21, 2025Open Access

Health and safety practices and policies concerning human exposure to RF/microwave radiation

JLJames C. LinUniversity of Illinois Chicago

Puntos clave

MAIN FINDING: Current safety standards for rf exposure may not adequately protect public health, especially with the rise of 5G and 6G technologies.
KEY EVIDENCE: The paper critiques the underlying assumptions of existing rf exposure guidelines and highlights significant gaps in research.
APPROACH: The discussion includes influences from the military industrial complex and the engagement between industry and regulatory bodies in setting safety standards.
SIGNIFICANCE: Understanding the evolving landscape of rf exposure guidelines is crucial to ensuring public safety and addressing growing health concerns.

Resumen

Concerns about the impacts on the public health and safety of radiofrequency (RF) exposure are increasing with the rapid proliferation of cellular mobile telecommunication systems and devices. There is also lack of confidence surrounding the applicability of stated health safety rules, limits and guidelines for RF exposure including their use for 5G and the expected 6G. This paper: (1) considers the currently promulgated standards for safe human exposure to RF radiation, (2) examines assumptions underlying the standards, (3) describes the roles of the military industrial complex in influencing research on the health effects and standards setting for safety levels, (4) discusses the engagement of an industry-regulatory complex, (5) explains the interaction between ICNIRP and the WHO-EMF, (6) scrutinizes recent publications of WHO-EMF commissioned systematic reviews, and (7) concludes with some observations on an apparent paradigm shift.

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