Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding male infertility: A cross-sectional study among infertile couples visiting fertility clinics in Indonesia’s urban areas

<ns3:p><ns3:bold>Background:</ns3:bold> In many countries, the stereotype that women are to blame for infertility in relationships remains prevalent, even though approximately half of the cases are caused by male factors. This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of infertile couples in urban areas with regard to male infertility. <ns3:bold>Methods:</ns3:bold> A web-based survey was conducted among infertile couples who visited fertility clinics in three cities in Indonesia. Sociodemographic information and knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding male infertility were obtained through self-reported questionnaires. <ns3:bold>Results:</ns3:bold> A total of 378 participants completed the questionnaire (201 men and 177 women); 66.9% had good knowledge, 72.5% had positive attitudes, and 70.1% had good practices related to male infertility. Knowledge moderately correlated with attitudes (<ns3:italic>r</ns3:italic> = 0.280, p = 0.016), whereas the correlation with practices was not significant (<ns3:italic>r</ns3:italic> = 0.140, p = 0.186). The correlation between attitudes and practices was moderate (<ns3:italic>r</ns3:italic> = 0.251, p = 0.031). Among all participants, 82% visited an obstetrician-gynecologist first. A total of 39.9% of fertility examinations were conducted first on the wife, 11.4% on the husband, and 48.7% on both. <ns3:bold>Conclusion:</ns3:bold> Most participants in our study at fertility clinics in urban areas visited an obstetrician-gynecologist first rather than a urologist, despite having good knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding male infertility.</ns3:p>