Flavonoids and Their Potential in Alleviating PCOS Symptoms: A Thorough Review

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is marked by morphological changes, ovulatory dysfunction and elevated androgen levels. One of the main factors that can lead to PCOS is hyperandrogenism. PCOS impairs follicle growth, which results in ovulatory dysfunction, PCOM, and follicular arrest. Follicle growth is a process that requires Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) coordination. In PCOS, alterations in FSH and LH levels hinder follicular development and result in anovulation. The Rotterdam criterion is used to determine the condition when two of the three features are present and other etiologies are eliminated. When diagnosing PCOS, several parameters should be considered, such as the ovarian USG, FAI level, and the LH/FSH ratio. Flavonoid intake has been demonstrated to have positive impacts on the daily diet and help in lowering the risk of chronic metabolic disorders. The study examines the mechanisms by which particular flavonoids have therapeutic effects in the management of PCOS and reviews recent scientific literature to assess the potential of flavonoids in reducing symptoms of PCOS, such as insulin resistance, oxidative stress, inflammation, and hormonal imbalance. The study contributes to the assessment of flavonoids’ capacity to mitigate the symptoms of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). These symptoms include Oxidative Stress (OS), Insulin Resistance (IR), and hormonal imbalance. A few flavonoids that may be useful in the treatment of PCOS are the focus of this review paper. Major Findings: Flavonoids can significantly reduce PCOS symptoms through multiple mechanisms. They help to manage hormonal imbalances by lowering androgen levels and improving the LH/FSH ratio. Flavonoids also improve insulin sensitivity, lower oxidative stress, and reduce inflammation. Animal studies indicate improved ovarian morphology and ovulation. Additionally, flavonoids help to improve lipid profiles. There is growing evidence that their multi-targeted activities may promote integrative therapy approaches and enhance current PCOS therapies.