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This review demonstrates the varied efficiency of solar panels by analyzing materials, suggesting pathways for enhanced solar energy absorption.
The continuous growth of global energy demand and environmental concerns has fuelled the need for sustainable energy sources, among which solar energy holds significant promise. The efficiency of solar panels largely depends on the materials used for their fabrication. This review provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of various solar panel materials with a focus on their optical, electrical, and structural properties affecting solar energy absorption. The study covers silicon-based panels, thin-film technologies, perovskite materials, organic photovoltaic cells, and emerging nanostructured materials. The paper aims to guide researchers and industry stakeholders towards selecting optimal materials for maximizing solar energy conversion
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Wagh et al. (2025) studied this question.
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