Advances in microvascular head and neck reconstruction using free fibula and radial forearm free flap to reconstruct various orofacial defects: a mini review

This mini review explores the efficacy of the free fibular flap and radial forearm free flap in reconstructive surgery, particularly for mandibular and head and neck reconstructions. The free fibular flap is established as the gold standard for mandibular reconstruction, boasting a high success rate and benefits such as a long pedicle, flexible skin island, ample dense cortical bone and minimal donor site morbidity, alongside a flap survival rate of up to 95%. While preoperative virtual surgical planning can improve outcomes for complex defects, its high costs hinder widespread implementation. Conversely, the radial forearm free flap is recognized for its versatility in managing large and medium-sized defects, although it necessitates careful consideration of potential postoperative complications and associated morbidity. Ultimately, both techniques present distinct advantages and challenges, underscoring the necessity for individualized surgical strategies in patient care.