Physiological effect of Sauna Bath on Human System - A Systemic Review

Introduction: Hydrotherapy and sauna bathing have shown significant benefits in various pathologies and medical rehabilitation. Sauna therapy has been proven to improve cardiac activity, endothelial function, and myocardial perfusion, and reduce ventricular arrhythmias, making it a safe and effective treatment for patients with cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal conditions. Methodology: The investigators utilized PubMed and PubMed Central to search for articles related to the effects of Sauna Bath or Sauna Bathing on the Cardiovascular System, Insulin, or Health, resulting in 18 relevant references from the last decade; only English clinical trials and Randomized controlled trials focusing solely on Sauna Bath or Sauna Bathing were considered, while studies combining these interventions with other Naturopathic approaches were excluded. Results: Sauna therapy has demonstrated efficacy in enhancing various aspects of human physiology, particularly in cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal health, making it a safe and effective intervention for patients with different medical conditions. Different types of saunas, such as traditional saunas and far-infrared saunas, offer unique benefits and have shown promising results in improving cardiovascular health, reducing mortality risk, and potentially enhancing overall well-being through various physiological mechanisms. Conclusion: In patients with blocked coronary arteries, sauna bathing improves myocardial perfusion. Heart failure patients experience reduced arterial stiffness after thermal treatment. Regular exercise enhances body composition and cardio-respiratory fitness in individuals at risk of cardiovascular disease.