The Role of PIWI‐Interacting RNA in Urologic Carcinoma and Its Clinical Implications

Piwi‐interacting RNA (piRNA) represents a class of small non‐coding RNA molecules, typically ranging in length from 18 to 35 nucleotides. These molecules are critically involved in the preservation of genomic integrity and the regulation of protein translation processes. Recently, emerging scholarly research indicates that piRNA exhibits tissue‐specific expression profiles within a variety of human malignancies, where they intricately regulate key signaling pathways at both the transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels. This review systematically underscores current investigations pertaining to piRNA in urologic carcinoma (UC), elucidating the proposed regulatory mechanisms encompassing N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification and the silencing of transposable elements. Furthermore, we discuss the detection technology and the application of piRNA in the fields of clinical diagnosis.