A Review on Molecular Markers Development for Chitala Chitala: Applications in Genetic Studies and Conservation

– Human actions have highlighted the necessity of creating molecular tools for the conservation and management of aquatic species. Three major risks to freshwater fish species are overfishing, habitat degradation, and water pollution. Among these, Chitala chitala (Hamilton, 1822) is one of the economically valuable species in the Notopteridae family. To investigate its genetic diversity, population structure, and evolutionary links, numerous molecular markers have been produced over the last 20 years. The review covers the types of molecular markers, their uses in population genetics, phylogenetics, conservation genomics, and fisheries management, specifically in relation to Chitala chitala investigations. The importance of these indicators’ ability to help C. chitala survive environmental obstacles over the long run is emphasized.