Anatase TiO₂ as Anode of Lithium‐Ion Batteries: A Comprehensive Review on Sustainable Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties

Anatase TiO 2 is a promising anode material for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to its safety, stability, and environmental friendliness. This article summarizes sustainable synthesis and electrochemical properties of anatase TiO 2 anodes. The green synthesis of nanoparticulate TiO 2 via plant extracts, fungi, algae, and bacteria has allowed the fabrication of TiO 2 nanoparticles with controlled morphology and size with less dependency on toxic substances and energy‐demanding processes. The synthesis through waste utilization using industrial or agricultural byproducts is done by adding material's ecofriendliness and cost‐effectiveness based on the conversion of waste into useful electrode material. Using aqueous binder systems such as styrene–butadiene rubber and carboxymethyl cellulose can lower production costs, improve safety, and lessen dependency on dangerous organic solvents like N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone. In addition, this review analyzes how anatase TiO 2 can be included in all‐solid‐state batteries and beyond LIB systems, such as Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , and Al 3+ ion batteries. This review explains how TiO 2 can improve ionic conductivity and cycling stability in solid‐state structures and it interacts with different solid‐state electrolytes. This comprehensive analysis emphasizes strategic significance of anatase TiO 2 in developing high‐performance and sustainable battery technologies. Prospective avenues for refining synthesis methodologies and investigating the function of TiO 2 in next‐generation energy storage devices are suggested.