From Sheets to Tubes: A Review of Boron Nitride Nanostructure Synthesis

Boron nitride (BN), along with its one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures, has seen a surge in interest in both academic research and practical applications. These nanomaterials have emerged as highly promising fillers for polymer-based nanocomposites, significantly enhancing their properties. Most of the studies reviewed in this paper begin with hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) as the base material, which is then used to produce its 2D form, boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS), and its 1D counterpart, boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs). This review aims to explore the fundamental properties of h-BN, followed by a focused discussion on the synthesis and characteristics of BNNS and BNNTs. The paper concludes by summarizing the most effective synthesis approaches for each material, highlighting their potential while considering current challenges in the field.