This review summarizes synthesis methods and key uses of CuInSe2 nanoparticles in solar energy applications, highlighting challenges in large-scale production.
Copper indium selenide nanoparticles (CuInSe2 NPs), a class of ternary chalcogenide semiconductors, have emerged as promising materials in the field of optoelectronics due to their unique physicochemical properties. Characterized by a direct and tunable bandgap, high absorption coefficient, and intrinsic p-type conductivity arising from copper vacancies, CuInSe2 is especially effective in harvesting solar energy. This review presents a concise overview of the synthesis strategies employed for the preparation of CuInSe2 NPs, highlighting how various synthesis parameters influence their different characteristics. The nanoparticles have found significant applications in advanced technologies such as thin-film solar cells, photodetectors, and infrared optoelectronic devices. Particular emphasis is given to their role in high-efficiency photovoltaic devices, including Cu (In, Ga) Se2 solar cells. Despite their advantages, challenges related to large-scale production, surface stability, and passivation remain key barriers. This review aims to summarize recent synthesis methods and uses of CuInSe2 NPs for future research and practical implementation.
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