Magnetic Control Strategies of Microrobot Swarm for Biomedical Applications

Microrobot swarms have attracted significant attention in the biomedical field due to their small size, flexibility, powerful functionality, and ability to collaborate to achieve complex tasks. They show great potential in targeted drug delivery and bioimaging, providing new ideas for biomedical innovation. Magnetic field-driven systems are more suitable for biomedical applications due to their contactless operation, flexible control, and penetration depth. Therefore, this paper reviews the magnetic control strategies for microrobot swarm, introduces the interaction mechanisms between magnetic fields and microrobots, and deeply explores the driving mechanisms such as magnetic torque, magnetic force, and dynamic magnetic fields. It also provides a detailed introduction to the three types of magnetic control strategies: autonomous, controllable, and hybrid. Furthermore, it clarifies the application potential of magnetic control strategies in scenarios such as drug delivery, biological sensing, and summarizes the challenges faced by microrobot swarm and their future prospects in clinical applications, thereby advancing the development of microrobot swarm in biomedical applications.