Natural compound inhibitors of TGF-β signalling pathway: a bibliometric analysis and literature review

Abnormal activation of the TGF-β signalling pathway is implicated in various diseases, making it a promising therapeutic target. Among potential inhibitors, natural compounds have attracted significant attention due to their structural diversity, multitarget activity and favourable safety profiles. However, a comprehensive review of the field and an analysis of current research hotspots remain limited. This study utilises bibliometric analysis and knowledge mapping to examine natural compound inhibitors of the TGF-β signalling pathway, assessing their developmental trajectory, evolutionary trends and research priorities. Additionally, a detailed review of research hotspots explores the therapeutic potential, mechanisms of action and limitations of key compounds. These findings aim to guide future research and support the clinical translation of natural compound inhibitors targeting the TGF-β signalling pathway.