Experimental diagnostics of the condition and behavior of an excavation machine: a review of the most important methods

The paper presents an integral procedure for conducting experimental measurements on excavation machines. Excavators have a complex structure with pronounced dynamic behavior. The identification of exploitation behavior is observed through experimental measurement of stress and acceleration, drive load, and vibrations. Electro-resistive measuring tapes were used to observe the steel structure, devices for measuring current, i.e. engaged power on the drives, as well as devices for measuring vibrations at characteristic points of the drive. The results obtained realistically reflect the condition and behavior of the structure and drive equipment. The goal is to introduce systematic research to monitor the condition and behavior of the equipment on the excavator. This approach forms the backbone of predictive observation, influencing the proper management of the excavator. Experimental measurements are performed to prove the correctness of the numerical model and to diagnose the condition and behavior of the structure and power units. By monitoring the condition and behavior of the equipment, we can optimally influence the process of maintenance of the equipment as well as the lifespan of the mining machine. This work includes the most important experimental measurements to carry out reconstructions, revitalizations, and modernizations on mining machines.