Returning to Running Postpartum: A Scoping Review

Background: Women returning to running postpartum lack comprehensive, context-specific guidelines. This study aimed to methodically explore existing evidence and synthesize guidance for postpartum runners (PPRs). Methods: A scoping review was conducted, including women who had given birth to 1 or multiple children (via vaginal or cesarean birth) and were recreational or competitive runners. The following databases were searched using a 3-step search strategy: PubMed, CINAHL, ClinicalKey, Cochrane, PEDro, SCOPUS, and SPORTDiscus. Only sources in English language were included. The initial search was conducted on December 13, 2023, and repeated on May 10, 2024. All evidence, published and unpublished, relating to postpartum return to running was included. Two independent reviewers conducted 2 screening phases. Thematic and content analysis were performed on included sources. Results: Thirty-two sources were included. Of these, 13 were peer-reviewed, while 19 were categorized as non-peer-reviewed or unpublished literature. Seven of the peer-reviewed sources reported original research, with only 2 collecting data in a clinical setting. The majority (26) focused on providing guidance and education for PPRs and the medical staff assisting them. Additional outcomes included biomechanical changes in PPRs, risk factors for pain and urinary incontinence, and running behaviors. Discussion: All sources were published within the last decade, underscoring the novelty of this research area. The findings emphasize the need for further empirical research to address existing gaps and enhance understanding in this field. Research on postpartum return to running is crucial for guiding women toward a safe return to running and to mitigate injuries and complications.