August 11, 2025

Spatial Variability of Phosphate Groundwater Based on Land Use - Land Cover and Groundwater Quality on Increasing Rural to Urban Areas

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Analysis reveals elevated phosphate levels in groundwater across urban and agricultural areas, indicating serious contamination risks.

Phosphate concentration in groundwater significantly exceeded safe thresholds, leading to possible health risks.
Groundwater samples from residential areas showed an average phosphate level of 1.107 mg/L, surpassing safe drinking limits.
Landsat imagery was utilized to classify land use and examine groundwater contamination across various environmental zones.
Findings underscore the urgent need for groundwater protection to maintain water quality amidst increasing urbanization.

Gunawan et al. (2025) studied this question.

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