Performance analysis of a direct contact humidifier of a humidification-dehumidification desalination system: A heat and mass transfer

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Freshwater production improves when seawater and air mass flow rates are balanced at a ratio of unity, and this configuration maximizes efficiency.
The maximum evaporation rate observed was 341 kg/hr under specific conditions of seawater and air temperatures and humidity.
A numerical model was developed to analyze heat and mass transfer between seawater and air in the humidifier.
Understanding these parameters can significantly enhance the performance of desalination systems, potentially providing more fresh water.

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Numerical model demonstrates optimal seawater to air flow ratios for enhanced freshwater production, highlighting effectiveness factors.

Galal et al. (2025) studied this question.

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