Risk classification by pathological and biochemical prognostic factors determined by extensive exploration for metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer

Purpose To determine prognostic parameters, we extensively examined whether physical, biochemical, and histological factors were associated with clinical outcomes in metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients. Methods A total 822 mHSPC patients were retrospectively investigated and examined the associations between prognosis and clinicopathological parameters including BMI, initial PSA level, TNM classification, Hb, Alb, CRP, AST, ALT, LDH, ALP, Gleason grade group, and EOD score. Results According to the CHAARTED criteria, 338 (41.1%) and 484 (58.9%) patients were classified into low- and high-volume disease, respectively. In univariate and multivariate analyses, Gleason grade group, Alb, CRP, LDH, and ALP were determined as significant predictors for both PFS and OS. When mHSPC patients were classified into three group including favorable (none of risk factors), intermediate (one or two risk factors) and poor (more than three risk factors) according to these four parameters, the survival curves were significantly stratified according to the risk classification. When the risk classification was applied on the patients with low- or high-volume disease in CHAARTED criteria, worse prognosis was found in poor risk group patients with low-volume disease and favorable prognosis was found in favorable risk group patients with high-volume disease. Conclusion These results suggested that Gleason grade, CRP, LDH, and ALP were the independent predictors for mHSPC patients regardless of metastatic burden.