Cross-sectional study reveals low-level live microbe intake affects periodontitis prevalence in adults, suggesting implications for dietary guidelines.
Background: The dietary intake of live microbes is inextricably linked to human health. The aim of this study was to investigate a potential relationship between low-level dietary live microbe (LDLM) intake and periodontitis. Methods: According to the Sanders dietary live microbial classification system and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American Academy of Periodontology periodontitis case definitions, this observational study included a total of 3,116 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database with complete periodontal data and LDLM intake. Univariate analysis, multivariable logistic regression analysis, and restricted cubic spline regression were performed to analyze the association between periodontitis and LDLM. Results: After adjusting for all covariates, LDLM was found to be associated with periodontitis prevalence ( P = 0.05 for trend) but not with periodontitis severity. The results of the restricted cubic spline analysis showed a non-linear relationship between LDLM and periodontitis prevalence ( P = 0.05). Periodontitis prevalence was lowest with LDLM consumption of 2,923.89 g per day. Conclusion: LDLM intake showed a statistically significant non-linear relationship with periodontitis prevalence, with the lowest prevalence of periodontitis at an intake of 2,923.89 g per day.
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