LLM-Assisted Functional Gene Annotation

Functional gene annotation is a highly manual and subjective process that requires analysis of large amounts of statistical and literature results. Here we present Artificial Intelligence Gene Enrichment (AIGE), a careful automation of the current state of the art process used by bioinformatic experts to determine functions enriched in novel or experimentally derived gene lists. In 1206 test cases, AIGE is able to accurately recover 87% of biological functions, pathways, and cell types, is robust to noise contamination, and accurately assesses its own self-confidence. AIGE reports provide accurate functional annotations and encourage further research in a broad set of contexts.