Immune microenvironment and prognostic genes of triple-negative breast cancer in the context of transcriptome and single-cell sequencing

Xiangqin Huang; Wei Chen; Zhiwu Lin; Hui Zhang; Ruijuan Wang; Cailing Lin

doi:10.1038/s41598-025-15157-8

August 12, 2025Scientific ReportsOpen Access

Immune microenvironment and prognostic genes of triple-negative breast cancer in the context of transcriptome and single-cell sequencing

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Key Points

Identifying novel prognostic genes can improve outcomes for patients with triple-negative breast cancer.
Key findings from differential expression analysis reveal potential markers like BPI, GPHA2, and RASGRP1.
Using machine learning algorithms, a random survival forest model was developed to assess gene performance.
The study highlights the importance of the immune microenvironment in therapeutic strategies for triple-negative breast cancer.

Implication

This analysis uncovers prognostic genes and the immune microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer, suggesting new treatment avenues.

Abstract

Immune-related genes (IRGs) play a pivotal role in the tumor microenvironment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study aimed to uncover novel prognostic markers for TNBC based on IRGs. Differential expression analysis, univariate Cox regression, and machine learning algorithms identified BPI, GPHA2, KIR3DL3, MASP1, RASGRP1, and SEMA4A as potential prognostic genes. A random survival forest (RSF) model was developed and subsequently validated, alongside the creation of a prognostic nomogram to assess gene diagnostic performance. Further, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and T cells were recognized as the primary cell types through which RASGRP1 exerts its effects. Finally, an analysis of the immune microenvironment and drug predictions provided fresh insights for the treatment of TNBC.

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Cite This Study

Huang et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68a3635e0a429f797332a899 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15157-8

View Full Paper

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Immune microenvironment and prognostic genes of triple-negative breast cancer in the context of transcriptome and single-cell sequencing

Key Points

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Immune microenvironment and prognostic genes of triple-negative breast cancer in the context of transcriptome and single-cell sequencing

Key Points

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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