Multigene germline and somatic testing for epithelial ovarian cancer in China

This study investigated BRCA1/2 and homologous recombination repair (HR) pathway gene variants in Chinese epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients. Germline and somatic variants in 21 HR-related genes were analyzed in 229 patients using a 21-gene ovarian panel and in 141 patients using a 508-gene pan-cancer panel. BRCA1, BRCA2, and HR-related gene mutation rates were 17.9%, 3.5%, and 23.1%, respectively, with TP53 as the most frequent somatic mutation (66.4%). Combined germline and somatic BRCA1/2 mutation rates rose to 23.6 and 6.1%. Survival analysis (n = 200) demonstrated longer overall survival (OS) in patients carrying BRCA1/2 or HR mutations. Notably, strategies including likely pathogenic (LP) and variants of uncertain significance (VUS) showed improved OS, especially in BRCA2 and BRCA1/2 somatic carriers. These findings suggest that integrating germline, somatic, and VUS data enhances survival prediction and guides treatment decisions in Chinese EOC patients.