Methodologies and Criteria for Defining Areas for Forest Restoration Aiming at Water Production and Security

This study presents a methodological framework for prioritizing areas for forest restoration with the primary objective of enhancing water provision. A multi-scale approach was employed, starting with macro-scale criteria at the river basin level, followed by more localized landscape and hydro-ecological assessments. This two-stage process facilitated strategic planning for interventions aimed at restoring forest cover in permanent preservation areas (PPAs) along watercourses and springs. The methodology was applied to the Joanes and Jacuípe Rivers Permanent Protection Areas Forest Rehabilitation Project in the Salvador Metropolitan Region, Bahia. The project’s primary goal is to improve water security by restoring native vegetation across 100 springs and 100 hectares of riparian zones, which are critical to the water supply system for the Salvador Metropolitan Region. The prioritization process integrated hydrological, ecological, and socio-environmental criteria, ensuring that restoration efforts not only enhance water production but also provide long-term ecological and social benefits.