Modern trends of pharmacological neuroprotection (literature review)

Introduction. Brain injuries of various etiologies are characterized by a high incidence of disability and mortality. For many years the medical community has been searching for evidence based neuroprotective agents. Drugs from a wide range of pharmacological groups with different mechanisms of action and applications are claimed. Neuroprotective drugs are actively studied in both preclinical and clinical trials. Materials and methods . The search for publications over the last 5 years (2020–2024) was conducted in databases elibrary.ru, PubMed, Google Scholar. Keywords: neuroprotection, inert gases, argon, krypton, xenon, melatonin, metformin, dexmedetomidine, succinates, succinic acid. A total of 50 publications, of which 25 were preclinical studies (animals, cell cultures), 15 were clinical studies, 10 were reviews. Conclusion. According to research conducted by scientists from different countries, the results of the effectiveness of many preclinical studies have been demonstrated, some of which could not be brought «from bench to bedside». For all methods, it is recommended to perform clinical trials and large randomized controlled trials to confirm their place in evidence-based medicine.