A narrative review of novel methods for diagnosing bronchiectasis

Bronchiectasis , a chronic respiratory condition, presents with a wide array of signs and symptoms that often overlap with other chronic lung diseases. Accurate diagnosis in both primary and secondary care settings is crucial. . However, the heterogeneous nature of bronchiectasis complicates the diagnostic process. A “treatable traits” framework,- considering endotypes, and biological features- may guide more individualized diagnosis. . A broad range of assessments can help identify the underlying causes of bronchiectasis, as well as associated pulmonary, extrapulmonary, and environmental factors. Despite recent advances, such as novel imaging modalities , artificial intelligence-associated diagnostics and emerging biomarkers there remains a critical need for continued refinement and innovation in diagnostic methods.