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August 17, 2025

YSES 2b is a background star. Differential astrometric M-dwarf measurements in time

Key Points

The analysis confirms that the candidate companion is a background star rather than a bound companion.
Astrometric measurements indicated a transverse velocity of approximately 300 in the Galaxy spatial context.
Using multiple epochs of GRAVITY astrometry led to the detection of sub-milliarcsecond motion, distinguishing the object's nature.
This finding contributes to our understanding of star formation and the dynamics in spiral arms of the Galaxy.

Abstract

We wish to confirm the nature of a purportedly faint companion of the young star YSES 2. We used on-sky observations from SPHERE and GRAVITY to measure the astrometric position of 2b with respect to the star YSES 2, and examined the competing hypotheses of (i) a bound substellar companion versus (ii) a distant unrelated background source with a non-zero proper motion. appears to be a late-type M-dwarf star over 2 kiloparsecs behind the star YSES 2. It has a transverse velocity of ∼ 300 and is located within one of the spiral arms of the Galaxy. The main discriminant was multiple epochs of GRAVITY astrometry that identified the sub-milliarcsecond parallactic motion of the star.

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Cite This Study

Kenworthy et al. (Wed,) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68a36a360a429f797332e360 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202556170

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