Telehealth Care for Adolescents and Young Adults with HIV: Practices and Perspectives from a National Mixed-Methods Study of U.S. HIV Care Providers

Background: Youth living with HIV (YWH) face persistent barriers to care engagement and viral suppression. Telehealth expanded during COVID-19, offering new possibilities for access, but provider perspectives on its use with YWH are underexplored. Methods: A national mixed-methods survey captured experiences of 156 HIV care providers. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics; qualitative data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Most providers (88.5%) believed telehealth would continue to play a role in HIV care. Reported benefits included improved access (80.7%) and workflow efficiency (64.7%). However, providers were significantly less likely to discuss sensitive topics often via telehealth compared to in-person care, including mental health (81.4% vs. 92.9%, p = 0.0008) and sexual health (77.9% vs. 93.6%, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: While telehealth improves access for YWH, hybrid care models and targeted provider training are needed to address privacy, communication, and trust when discussing sensitive health concerns.