Nurses’ awareness, organizational support, and implementation of evidence-based practice in Sri Lanka: A cross-sectional study

Evidence-based practice (EBP) integrates research, clinical expertise, and patient preferences to improve healthcare. However, EBP adoption in Sri Lanka faces challenges due to limited awareness, knowledge gaps, and organizational barriers. This study assessed nurses’ awareness, knowledge, and implementation of EBP. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 301 nurses in medical and surgical units at the National Hospital in Kandy and the Teaching Hospital in Peradeniya. A self-reported 27-item questionnaire measured EBP awareness, knowledge, and practice. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22, and chi-square tests were used to assess the associations. Of 301 participants (response rate: 80.05%), 252 (83.7%) held diplomas, while 47 (15.6%) had a baccalaureate degree. Over half (52.8%) agreed that EBP is essential, and most acknowledged strategies like journal clubs (71.4%) and literature searches (70.4%) to enhance EBP. While nurses showed positive attitudes and awareness, knowledge, skills, and implementation were lower. Academic qualifications and experience significantly correlated with knowledge (P<0.0001, Phi=0.328) and practice (P=0.001, Phi=0.295). Nurses had a positive perception of EBP but faced barriers to full implementation, primarily due to resource limitations. Higher education and experience improved EBP competency, emphasizing the need for training and institutional support.