A Case of Primary Bilateral Ovarian Cancer After Surgery for Primary Breast Cancer in A Fanconi Anemia Gene-Positive Patient

Breast cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy among Chinese women. Although the proportion of ovarian cancer recurrence in breast cancer patients after surgery shows a declining trend, compared with the general population, these patients still face a higher risk of recurrence, and their prognosis is much worse than that of patients with primary endometrial cancer or primary ovarian cancer. It is noteworthy that there is a time interval of more than 5 years between the onset of breast cancer and ovarian cancer in most patients. This suggests that breast cancer patients, especially those with high-risk factors for ovarian cancer, need regular ovarian cancer screening management after surgery. Patients with long-term survival should be more vigilant against the occurrence of ovarian cancer. Therefore, the task of reducing the recurrence of gynecological malignancies in breast cancer patients remains arduous and lengthy. At present, the specific mechanism of ovarian cancer recurrence in breast cancer patients is unclear, and we lack clear indicators to identify high-risk groups. This case study conducts an in-depth analysis of a patient with ovarian cancer recurrence after breast cancer. The patient, admitted to the Department of Gynecology of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, tested positive for the Fanconi anemia gene. She had undergone surgery for primary breast cancer, subsequently developed ovarian cancer, and received surgery and chemotherapy again. Unfortunately, she still experienced recurrence. By analyzing this case, we aim to provide a solid basis for the systematic management of high-risk groups.