Diagnostic difficulties and treatment features of a patient with presacral myelolipoma

Myelolipoma is a benign mesenchymal tumor composed of mature fat and hematopoietic cells in its histological structure. Most often, they are solitary and non-functioning neoplasms. The incidence occurs in the fifth and sixth decades of life. Most often, these tumors are found in the adrenal glands. A rarer situation is when myelolipomas occur in other various parts of the body. Sometimes they are found in the pelvic cavity, chest, retroperitoneal space and some other areas of the human body. The clinically myelolipomas of various localizations remains unclearly. They are often discovered accidentally during computer tomography (CT) for other diseases. Thus, due to the fat content in the histological composition, these formations are interpreted as liposarcomas when performing visualization methods of research. Works devoted to the diagnosis of extra-adrenal myelolipomas due to their rarity are few, while even less is devoted to the treatment of such formations. The article describes a clinical case of diagnosis of extra-adrenal myelolipoma of the presacral space, diagnosed on positron emission computed tomography (PET-CT) as liposarcoma, as well as the features of its minimally invasive surgical treatment.