Obtaining biodegradable materials based on magnesium using powder metallurgy methods (A review)

A multifactorial analysis of the challenges associated with ensuring optimal characteristics of studied materials, including mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and controlled degradation rates is carried out. The structural features of magnesium alloys and their alloying methods, which influence the final material properties, are discussed. A review is provided on the impact of calcium, zinc, aluminum, lithium, and rare-earth metals on corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, and regulated biodegradability. Technological aspects of manufacturing magnesium biomaterials are analyzed, including casting, powder metallurgy, thermomechanical processing, and the application of biocompatible coatings. Particular attention is paid to the effect of the microstructure of magnesium alloys on their behavior in biological environments. The physicochemical processes occurring during material dissolution are investigated, and the impact of corrosion products on surrounding tissues is evaluated. The review on the current research on the development of biodegradable magnesium-based materials, which have found widespread application in the biomedical field, particularly in the production of temporary implants is presented. It is established that magnesium alloys, especially those with rare-earth element additives obtained by powder metallurgy methods, are prospective.