Calculation Methodology and Results of Optimization of Design Parameters of the Tractor Recuperative Mounted System When Aggregated with Forest Tillage Implements

The article considers the disadvantages of modern forest tillage implements. Promising areas of research conducted by Russian and foreign scientists are presented, which make it possible to increase the efficiency of tractors aggregated with mounted technological equipment. The relevance of developing working fluid energy recovery systems for forest tillage implements, ensuring a 20–30 % reduction in total energy consumption during forestry operations, is substantiated using the example of 20 kN traction class tractors, which are widely used at present. A promising design of a tractor recuperative mounted system is proposed, which makes it possible to reduce fuel consumption by a machine-tractor unit due to energy recovery of the working fluid, reduce dynamic loads acting on the mounted implement and the tractor, increase the productivity and reliability of the tractor, improve the quality of tillage at forest sites, and make it more convenient to operate the mounted implement. The aim of the study has been to obtain analytical expressions for changes in the studied design parameters of the tractor recuperative mounted system, ensuring optimal values of its efficiency. A methodology for calculating the efficiency indicators and two-factor optimization of the design parameters of the tractor recuperative mounted system is presented. Based on computer experiments, analytical expressions have been obtained for the described functions, and graphs and cartograms of the influence of the main design parameters of the mounted system on the efficiency of its operation have been constructed using these expressions. It has been established that for the tractor recuperative mounted system, the optimal length of the levers is 0.33... 0.36 m, and the optimal design of the hydraulic cylinder is 62...66 mm. In this case, the average recuperated power when processing an uneven surface without obstacles is at least 0.9 kW; the average deviation of the tillage depth from the target value of 100 mm does not exceed 20 mm; the maximum force experienced by the disk battery when in contact with an uncuttable obstacle does not exceed 11 kN, and the length of the tillage defect after leaving a stump 0.2 m high does not exceed 0.6 m.