Formulation and Characterization of Vitamin D3 In Situ Gel for Periodontal Regenerative Therapy

A BSTRACT Background: This study introduces a novel fast-setting in situ gel formulation enriched with vitamin D3 for alveolar bone regeneration. Using poloxamer-P407 (pluronic-f127) as the gel base, this innovative biomaterial aims to improve the efficacy and handling of bone grafts in periodontal and peri-implant regenerative therapies. Methods: The vitamin D3 formulation was prepared using cold method for in situ gel preparation with aseptic processing and sterilization by autoclaving. After this, the physicochemical properties, antimicrobial effect, and in vitro drug release profile of the gel were evaluated. Results: The gel demonstrated favorable clarity, almost neutral pH (6.11), thermoreversible gelation, stable at room temperature, viscosity 32500 cps, good spreadability 2.75 gm.cm/sec, drug release 82.86% after 20 h and antimicrobial activity, making it a promising candidate for clinical applications. Conclusion: The vitamin D3–enriched Poloxamer-P407 in situ gel demonstrated excellent physicochemical stability, favorable drug release, antimicrobial properties, and strong compatibility, forming a uniform, mechanically robust gel. These attributes make it a promising adjunct for enhancing bone graft efficacy in periodontal and peri-implant therapies.