Optimizing onshore power supply systems using renewable energy sources for emission reduction and cost efficiency in ports

This study explores the implementation of onshore power supply (OPS) systems using renewable energy sources to meet the energy demands of berthed ships at three ports. The analysis highlights the need for tailored OPS solutions based on port-specific ship traffic and energy requirements. In Alexandria port, container ships account for the highest energy demand (17,033 MWh/year), while bulk carriers dominate in Damietta (12,296 MWh/year), and passenger ships lead in Safaga (3900 MWh/year). OPS significantly reduces global warming potential (GWP), cutting GWP100 by 33,501 ton-CO2eq annually in Alexandria, 16,569 ton-CO2eq in Damietta, and 4402 ton-CO2eq in Safaga. The economic assessment shows solar panels offer the lowest total annual cost and levelized cost of energy (LCOE), with Alexandria and Damietta achieving the most favorable LCOE using predominantly solar power. These findings underscore the environmental and economic advantages of OPS, optimizing both emissions reduction and energy cost efficiency across different ports.