Turbomachinery Simulation Impact on Design, Understanding, and Optimization

This paper presents the impact of Turbomachinery Simulation from simple analytical simulations to high fidelity CFD and Finite Element Analyses on the design of turbomachinery and the understanding of flow physics that is then used to improve design approaches. The impact of optimization is also presented. The best approach for tool development is to work with a compressor, fan, or turbine designer or to work on the design process directly. The paper represents the work and impact of the author over his 45-year career and provides insight for both new and experienced engineers. The paper explores applications of distortion from a downstream fan frame, the first uses of 3D CFD for fan, compressor and turbine design, and for the simulation of the GE90 turbofan engine in 3D. The positive impact in performance due to turbomachinery simulation has led to much improved turbomachinery efficiencies and reduced fuel burn of engines and aircraft. This benefit has been due to the direct interaction with the designers, so the simulations impact the design and product. The added impact of multi-disciplinary simulations has also had impact on greater life, less weight, and reduced noise. Future direction for simulations are also presented.