Case Report: Congenital Amniotic band syndrome – A rare case of total Circumferential Abdominal Constriction and its Repair

Amniotic band syndrome is a rare and complex condition often associated with severe complications in fetal development. We present the case of a 3-year-and-4-month-old female patient with total circumferential abdominal constriction due to an amniotic band. Referred to the General Hospital of Fortaleza, the patient exhibited a constricting ring in the abdominal wall, with imaging studies indicating the presence of fat and possible intestinal involvement in the hernia. A reparative surgical procedure was performed, involving complete resection of the band and the application of the W-plasty technique to enhance tissue mobility. The procedure presented significant challenges due to the pediatric nature of the patient and the deep location of the band, necessitating multiple incisions and complete removal of the fibrous band, with particular emphasis on postoperative healing to minimize the risk of dehiscence and flap necrosis. The primary objective of the surgery was to reduce intra-abdominal pressure and restore skin elasticity. Postoperatively, the recovery was closely monitored, as follow-up was essential to prevent complications given the patient’s age. Initial outcomes demonstrate improvements in intra-abdominal pressure and skin elasticity, positively contributing to the patient's quality of life and promoting her adequate growth.