Reliable electronic front-end circuits for permanent, non-invasive health monitoring in biomedical wearables

Developing reliable electrical front-end circuits is crucial for biomedical wearable devices to offer long-term, non-invasive health monitoring. The digital health monitoring system's main interface with the human body is these circuits, which enable accurate bio signal acquisition, amplification, filtering, and digitisation. Thanks to advancements in energy-efficient signal processing, flexible electronics, and low-power analogue front-end (AFE) designs, modern biomedical equipment is far more efficient and simpler to wear. This project aims to develop new circuit designs that can integrate biopotential, temperature, and photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors to constantly monitor vital indicators such heart rate, temperature, oxygen saturation, and electrocardiogram (ECG) data. Efforts were made to optimise power consumption, noise performance, and signal quality in order to ensure long-term usage without frequent charging. We also take a look at several innovative materials and system-on-chip (SoC) solutions to demonstrate how they may work with skin-conformal or textile-based platforms. Modern, user-friendly, and mobile personalised healthcare apps are made possible by these front-end circuits, which offer wireless transmission and real-time data processing. The reliability and biocompatibility of the circuits are assessed for long-term usage, highlighting their significance in preventative and remote health monitoring systems.