Assessment of Interleukin-10 Levels in Iraqi Diabetic Type 2 Patients Infected with Toxoplasmosis

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii that infects birds and mammals as an intermediate host while infecting cats as a definitive host. Diabetes mellitus is a global metabolic disorder that appeared due to inappropriate hyperglycemia. Interleukin-10 is an immunoregulatory cytokine that plays a main role in modulating inflammation, it’s considered as main inhibitory cytokine against the action of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-12. The main aim of this study is to assess the levels of IL-10 in Iraqi diabetic type 2 infected with toxoplasmosis.Methods: This study concluded 109 cases of Iraqi diabetic type 2 patients and 80 samples of healthy individuals collected from private lab in Baghdad, Iraq, during period from March to June 2022 with age mean 49.9 ± 1.29.Results: The results showed that the group of diabetes has the highest level of glucose in diabetes diagnostic tests 7.9 ± 0.178 HbA1C, 174.55 ± 3.96 mg/dl FBS and 216.89 ± 4.96 mg/dl RBS respectively. Moreover, 51/109 samples of diabetic patients have highest level of IgG anti-Toxoplasma 34.95 ± 7.5 UI/mL in CMIA followed by 30/80 samples of healthy individuals have seropositive for the same antibody 32.7 ± 8.45 UI/mL in the same assay with significant differences While, all samples were seronegative for IgM anti-Toxoplasma. The group of healthy control has the highest levels of IL-10 in ELISA 320.43 ± 17.64 pg/ml followed by the group of diabetic patients 138.38 ± 5.69 pg/ml. Also, the concentration of this interleukin was in the group of toxoplasmosis patients which considered as a control positive 115.45 ± 4.44 pg/ml. While, the group of diabetic patients with toxoplasmosis has the lowest concentration of the interleukin 102.3 ± 7.05 pg/ml with highly significant differences.Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is the IL-10 has been shown highest levels in healthy control in comparison with other study groups.Keywords: Toxoplasmosis; DMT2; IgM; IgG; IL-10Editorial Expression of Concern20 June 2025: Following publication of this paper, the internal audit (consequent to concerns on quality raised by Web of Science) notified Advancements in Life Sciences about suspected plagiarism. By this Editorial Expression of Concern, we alert the scientific community of the errors as we reconcile the records.Editorial Note25 June 2025: Mention of reference values and similar usage sequence of commonly used parts of phrases have been found as major sources of total verbatim similarity (27%). Therefore, it may not be considered as plagiarism. Hence, the Editorial Expression of Concern is revoked.